Margin & markup calculator

Convert between margin and markup, and price from cost or cost from price.

Selling price
$100.00
Profit per unit
$60.00
Gross margin
60%

profit ÷ price

Markup
150%

profit ÷ cost

Margin ↔ markup conversion

MarginEquivalent markupPrice on a $40.00 cost
20%25%$50.00
25%33.3%$53.33
30%42.9%$57.14
40%66.7%$66.67
50%100%$80.00
60%150%$100.00
70%233.3%$133.33

How it works

Both describe the same profit; they just divide it by different things.

margin = profit ÷ price markup = profit ÷ cost price = cost ÷ (1 − margin) price = cost × (1 + markup)

The expensive mistake

A retailer wanting a 40% margin who applies a 40% markup instead sells at £56 on a £40 cost — a 28.6% margin, not 40%. Across a whole catalogue that shortfall is often the entire difference between profit and loss. To hit a 40% margin you need a 66.7% markup.

Margin is capped, markup is not

Margin can never reach 100%, because profit can never exceed the price. Markup has no ceiling — a product costing £1 and selling for £10 carries a 900% markup and a 90% margin. This asymmetry is why margin is the standard for reporting and markup the standard for pricing rules.

Gross, not net

These figures use unit cost only. Rent, salaries, marketing and overhead come out of the gross margin, so a healthy gross margin does not by itself mean a profitable business.